刚不久，美国公布新的对华关税，在涉及太阳能方面将最高关税提到了50%，由于中国许多企业在东南亚设厂，然后再出口美国，因此实际对中企影响不大。

但紧接着，美国继续大行保护主义，美国认为中企通过在柬埔寨、马来西亚、泰国和越南这四个东南亚国家组装太阳能组件来规避长期存在的关税。         Staff members of State Grid Huzhou power supply company conduct inspection on the photovoltaic lines and equipment at a photovoltaic power station in Changxing County of Huzhou City, east China's Zhejiang Province, May 27, 2026. In recent years, State Grid Huzhou power supply company has been constantly promoting the upgrading of the county-level power grids, advancing the integration of renewable energy sources into power grids, and endeavoring to construct a safer, greener and smarter power grid. (Photo: Xinhua)
Eight Chinese leading polysilicon producers have issued public pledges to stop selling solar products below a cost benchmark, in a fresh industry effort to curb "involution-style" competition and support healthier pricing in the country's photovoltaic supply chain, the Shanghai Securities Journal reported on Friday. 
Industry experts said that this move will not only help stabilize profits across the sector, but also promote the Chinese photovoltaics (PV) industry's shift toward high-quality development.
The eight companies jointly committed that the selling prices of all photovoltaic products, including tender bids, must not fall below the corresponding cost calculated under the group standard General Principles for Cost Accounting Models in the Photovoltaic Industry. Any sales below full cost must be "immediately stopped and corrected," according to the report.
The pledge was signed in Shanghai on Thursday by the companies, including four listed companies — Tongwei Solar Co, GCL Technology Holdings Limited, Daqo New Energy Co, Xinte Energy Co. The other four companies are Asia Silicon (Qinghai) Co, Xinjiang East Hope New Energy Co, Qinghai Lihao Qingneng Co, and Xinjiang Goens Energy Technology Co.
Together, the eight companies account for more than 90 percent of China's effective polysilicon production capacity, the Shanghai Securities Journal report said.
Under the initiative, the companies also agreed to accept supervision and inspections from market regulators at all levels and to strengthen mutual oversight. If they discover illegal below-cost sales, they are required to report the issue and file complaints with the industry association and the State Administration for Market Regulation (SAMR).
In addition, the firms committed to strictly implementing China's new energy-consumption standards and to proactively eliminate outdated, high-energy-consuming production capacity.
The move comes just one week after the SAMR held a solar industry price-compliance meeting on July 31, urging solar PV companies to strengthen price compliance and shift competition from price to quality.
It instructed companies to strengthen cost accounting, establish and improve price compliance systems, and carry out comprehensive self-inspections and corrective actions, according to the Xinhua News Agency.
Industry experts welcomed the initiative, saying that years of excessive competition have pushed many photovoltaic firms into losses, which is harmful to the industry's long-term development.
China's PV industry is mired in severe low-price competition, with profit margins squeezed along the entire value chain and many firms operating at a loss, Xiang Ligang, director-general of the Zhongguancun Modern Information Consumer Application Industry Technology Alliance, told the Global Times on Friday.  
Xiang added that the initiative could help ensure more reasonable revenue and profit levels, which are essential for sustainable industrial development. The move also reflects a broader shift among Chinese firms toward greater coordination in responding to market pressures. 
Although the industry also faces external challenges, including US tariffs on polysilicon-related products, Xiang said the main purpose of the initiative is to improve the sector's own development model rather than simply respond to foreign trade measures.
China has launched sweeping efforts to curb "involution-style" low-price competition and accelerate the phase-out of outdated industrial capacity. China's Ministry of Industry and Information Technology on July 3 held a symposium for manufacturing enterprises, focusing on accelerating the high-quality development of the photovoltaics industry, according to the Xinhua News Agency. 
The symposium called for efforts to comprehensively deal with the problem of disorderly price competition in the photovoltaics industry in accordance with laws and regulations, as well as efforts to guide enterprises to improve product quality, phase out backward production capacities in an orderly manner and achieve healthy and sustainable development, Xinhua reported. 
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之前拜登免除了从这些国家进口的许多太阳能电池和组件的反规避关税，但6月就到期，美国宣布从6月6日开始，从柬埔寨、马来西亚、泰国和越南进口的太阳能产品将被征收关税。

B |

由此可见，美国对中国企业打压就是要到极致的底部，在太阳能电池板上，华盛顿认为中国现在取消了补贴，但太阳能光伏部署依然很快，预计将在2024年实现2030年国家风能和太阳能光伏装机目标，比计划提前六年。

这就意味着大量的太阳能电池板要出口，拜登认为“防患于未然”，所以先把关税事情敲定了。

值得一提的是，美国之所以针对中国商品，理由就是“产能过剩”，为什么过剩，补贴的缘故。

C |

然而，美国却大摇大摆的补贴太阳能——国内生产的铁、钢以及在美国开采、生产或制造的产品的制造商将获得清洁能源的生产税收抵免。根据白宫的说法，如果项目满足国内含量要求，以及其他三项专注于劳动力、能源输出或在2023年1月29日之前开始工作的要求之一，项目可以获得10%的全额奖金。

D |

按老美自己的设想，投资的目标是建立美国工业，使太阳能等新技术的成本下降25%。

E |

在经历了之前全球价格下跌之后，新一轮的周期中，太阳能电池板模块成本明显下降，但欧美和中国的差距进一步拉大了——2024年第一季度，中国的平均成本为57美元，而美国的平均成本为127美元。

可以说，对西方太阳能制造商来说，这些艰难时期将持续下去。在未来两年，制造商将增加300吉瓦的太阳能电池组件年产能——相当于2023年全球总需求的70%以上。

F |

而这些商品绝大多数依然是中国企业主导，因为无论怎么算，欧美的成本依旧要比中国高，尽管美国有补贴也一样，况且大部分美国企业不能全部享受，因为要求太高，几乎就是业链上游都在美国生产，才能拿到。

实际上，大部分原材料，美国都需要进口。所以，现在美国学者几乎都认为拜登现在出台一系列贸易措施，目的就是选票，至于当选以后，可能会是另一番情景也未可知。